Investigating the involvement of heroin in crime Research Paper

Investigating the involvement of heroin in crime - Research Paper Example Heroin is considered an â€Å"opiate drug that is synthesized from morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the seed pod of the Asian opium poppy plant†. It appears as a white or brown powder and it can be injected, smoked, or snorted. Through these routes, it can quickly deliver the drug to the brain. By injecting it, the needle can administer the drug to the bloodstream; by snorting, the drug can be absorbed into the bloodstream through the nasal tissues; and by smoking, the drug can also be absorbed into the lungs. These methods can all lead to addiction and other serious health issues. As heroin enters the brain, it is then converted to morphine where it later binds with opioid receptors. Such receptors are found in different parts of the brain and the body, most likely those which have something to do with perception of pain and reward. These receptors are also found in the brain stem. The brain stem is involved in the automatic processes of breathing, blo od pressure, and arousal. (Ritter and Lampkin, 2010). Heroin users and abusers initially report feeling a surge of euphoria, accompanied by dry mouth, warm flushing of the skin, heaviness in their extremities, and compromised mental functioning (Cobb and Brogan, 2008). After this state of euphoria, the heroin user then goes through an alternate wakeful and drowsy state. Through continued heroin use, tolerance for the drug sets in and the user’s physiological reaction to the drug diminishes, and more heroin is necessary to receive the same level of effect. Users have a high risk of experiencing addiction with about 23% of individuals using heroin becoming dependent to it (NIDA, 2010). The drug’s behavioral impact on users is severe. Most abusers find trouble concentrating, learning, or having clear thoughts (ACDE, n.d). Most of the time, they cannot hold down jobs; they can be apathetic and be unable to carry out and sustain personal relationships (Pearson, Gilman, and McIver, 1987). Their inability to find means to sustain their addiction often leads them to crime. Their compulsive use often triggers self-destructive and irresponsible behavior which manifests as antisocial actuations and a general indifference to injury, pain, and the loss caused to others (ACDE, n.d). Heroin has adverse effects on health. It is associated with serious health conditions, fatal overdose, spontaneous abortion, and in some individuals injecting the drug – infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS and hepatitis (NIDA, 2010). For prolonged users, they may suffer collapsed veins, infection of the heart lining and valves, abscesses, liver or kidney disease (NIDA, 2010). Some may later develop pneumonia which may be caused by their poor health as well as their compromised respiration. The drug sometimes contains toxic contaminants which can clog the blood vessels to the lungs, liver, and other major organs, thereby leading to permanent damage to these organs (Virmani, Ali , and Binienda, 2010). For long-time users, their heroin use can lead to physical dependence and when they stop use of the drug they are likely to suffer severe withdrawal symptoms. These

Images that Injure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Images that Injure - Essay Example For the inclusion of the disable to a school environment then the following factors has to be in place: assessment of all parts of physical education, educators to identify how to modify, adapt, and create of lesson plans that are engaging and lastly, put up a belief that disable children are effective in a community. The effectiveness of the disable is evident in the movie at first sight when Vigril a blind man can find his way to town on his own with ease, he also gives a massage to Amy and she is so pleased. The inclusion of disabled children to the environment helps other children in understanding and appreciating them. There is also the bridge of a special-need child in the mainstream classes, as it creates the best learning and a favorable environment as both the disable children and their counterparts spend time together, share same resources and receive individual treatment from their educators. The disabled also fins away to tackle their challenges, which help them, improve in academics, self-esteem and social

The issue of globalization on a human resource management perspective Term Paper

The issue of globalization on a human resource management perspective - Term Paper Example From this research it is clear that there has been a growing relationship amongst the cultures, economies, and people in the world. Coupled with advancement in technology, interaction has been steadily increasing in the current world. Thus, the people, cultures, and economies are increasingly becoming interdependent of each for their continued survival. This is globalization with the world effectively becoming a big global village. According to Sparrow, Brewster, and Harris however, globalization is â€Å"a process whereby markets and production in different countries become increasingly interdependent due to the dynamics of trade in goods and services and flows of capital and technology.† In this case, the customers’ need for similar commodities and services drive the globalization of markets. With globalization of markets, a challenge in striking a balance between universal tendency in human resource management and the influence of different national cultures arises. Therefore, this expose elucidates the issue of globalization on a human resource management perspective. Edwards and Rees noted that, globalization necessitates attention to â€Å"more than conducting business across national borders but also entails expanding competition for almost every type of organization presenting management with the challenge to operate in diverse cultural settings.† In this regard, the global economy requires a company to exploit its human resources effectively through effective planning in order to gain a competitive edge over its competitors. Therefore, human resource managemen

Key Intelligence Needs of a Company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Key Intelligence Needs of a Company - Assignment Example In this scenario, I will have successfully carried out my work as the CI practitioner since my work as the CI practitioner would have become an essential component of the organization plus its management. It eventually, becomes part of a company’s culture. As the CI practitioner, the following main operational areas and activities are the ones I will focus on: Focus and planning: As the CI practitioner my main focus will be critical business issues. These are key needs of intelligence. Information gathering: In this phase, the information I will gather will come from various sources through different gathering techniques. Analysis of information: I will ensure that information is converted into intelligence via the interpretation process, so that the results can be used in decision-making which is strategic. Communication of information: I will ensure that the process results are shown to the management and those responsible and capable in appropriately acting to the results i n a timely manner. Structure and process: This form of intelligence requires suitable policies and procedures which are necessary tools so that company staff can help in CI while benefiting from its process. Culture and Organizational awareness: For successful utilization CI efforts of a company, it is necessary to have in place suitable awareness organizationally. Even though decision-makers decide on the intelligence needed, everyone should have information gathering on their mind. Upcoming content in this paper will concentrate on the things that enhance the importance of the practitioner, beginning with the critical activity. This intelligence needs act as a roadmap to a CI practitioner in carrying out my duty regardless of its magnitude and it follows this roadmap (Negash, 2004). Another fact is the deficiency of resources by the company which denies the comfort which mainly focuses on a massive amount of essential issues. KIN definition also guarantees that management will rec eive the intelligence that it really requires. CI can greatly vary in different companies, KIN being its direction drivers. If not well explained, marked out and accurately communicated, the whole potential stands a chance of being a failure. It’s very important that as the CI practitioner of the company I make CI the central part of the formulation of strategy and planning in business never being seen differently (Luhn, 1958). Defining KIN The application of formal process for management requirements was propagated by CI expert Jan Herring to come up with a supportive environment between those who use intelligence and professionals in CI supporting communication which is in two-way and is required for the identification and definition of the company's intelligence needs. I will incorporate his model since it depends with the procedure that is used by organizations in state intelligence so as to identify priorities in national intelligence. Advantages of CI identification pro cess to the company Everybody is brought on equal or similar wavelength Ensuring that the competitive thinking of the company is broad Capability of anticipating needs is created CI unit focus is created The

Southwest Airlines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Southwest Airlines - Essay Example The firm also offers amenities to its customers in order to meet their entertainment needs. In addition, Southwest Airlines serves their customers by providing Business Select, Wifi, Mobile Access, and EarlyBird Check-In facilities. 2. According to Starcevich, effective employment of manpower resources assists the Southwest Airlines to offer excellent services to its customers. It is identified that the organization’s management adopts a liberal approach to its managers, employees, unions, and suppliers. Hence, sincere and efficient managerial persons and their coordination found to be the most powerful competence that offers many competitive advantages to Southwest Airlines. The top management of the firm has made arrangements for listening to low level employees directly. The company keeps quickest turnaround time and it ensures the accuracy of flight times. The firm’s management gives emphasis on customer feedback on the belief that it would assist the company to mak e necessary strategic modifications. Moreover, the concern concentrates only on certain regions and it helps the company to provide improved services to the customers. 3. Low cost is the Southwest’s principal business-level strategy; company’s unique business model helps the management to practice this strategy successfully. The low level passenger charges assist the company to achieve customer loyalty. Customers today wish to get quality services at lower costs; hence, Southwest Airlines will be potential service provider for US people. It is observed that the Southwest Airlines does not offer much luxury facilities so as to maintain the name â€Å"low- cost carrier†. However, it is advisable for the organization to offer royal facilities also as it would aid the firm to meet the interests of rich class people; this strategic change may improve the firm’s core competence and thereby competitive position. 4. Southwest’s structure and culture accura tely match with its strategy in many ways. As discussed above, the company deals with domestic operations and it charges only low prices for its services. A well coordinated management team and effective segment concentrated operations help the company to provide better services to its customer groups without changing the charge rates. In order to improve the company’s strategic operation, it is recommendable for the Southwest Airlines to increase its group of customers. While the firm serves increased groups of customers, it can obtain the economies of large scale operations which in turn would enable the company to offer more economical benefits to its customers. Under this structure, Southwest Airlines faces some difficulties also. Some specific strategic features of the organization often become a barrier to its acquisition programs. 5. The Southwest Airlines deals with about three top domains. The strategic and managerial effectiveness assists the organization to operate in these areas successfully. As we discussed, the firm pursuits a segment focused corporate-level strategy in order to deal with different domains effectively. When the company focuses on specific business areas, the management gets up-to-date market information regarding those segments and it enables the company to form timely business strategies. Similarly, the market segmentation aids the company management to keep close contact with customer

Keith Haring works and his inspiration'' Research Paper

Keith Haring works and his inspiration'' - Research Paper Example He did great work in exalting the common place just as was a great ideal applied by Warhol in his works. His interests in the world of arts as well as the gay people made him shift for the city of New York in 1980. Among his first works of arts were graffiti along the streets, which were depictions of ‘imaginary’ animals as well as a ‘human on fours’. Nevertheless, his major exhibition would follow when he secured employment with Tony Shafrazi in a gallery in 1982. His journey into celebrity and wealth thrived within the 1980s when even Warhol among others became a staunch fan to his works. Modonna described Haring’s work as one of own kind with great awareness creation especially on world realities while exhibiting lots of innocence. However, his involvement in gay life saw his death through HIV and Aids in the late 20th century. He is celebrated for having practiced artwork even after diagnosis with HIV where he is said to have done it until he coul d no longer hold a brush or pencil firmly but much of his works centered around community awareness and sensitization on Aids as well as the rights to gays within the society1. Problem statement The above introduction reveals that Haring lived a relatively short live but was successful in living a fulfilled live in community awareness and advocacy. He lived to rise into great heights in celebrity world as well as amassing great wealth through his visual artwork. A great collection of the artist’s works is safely recorded and kept by his foundation ‘the Keith Haring foundation’ in collaboration with the ‘Art. Com’. For instance, a representation of a quotable Polaroid as presented by the art.com has one of Haring’s commentaries regarding the art of living where he reasons that one should never imitate life but on the contrary live as it is. He also ran various shops as outlets to his works of art as an attitude of populist attitude was central to his character and living. Besides, through a notable notoriety Haring did many graffiti along the city’s subways, which led him to rise amazingly within the visual art field in and around the city in 1980s. Among his great works of activism was the activism concerning drugs and substance among the young, nuclear weapons as well as the epidemic of Aids2. Haring developed great works of art through the primacy of ‘line’, and carried great determination on public art, which saw him, increase in efforts towards realizing his dreams. Experimentation of his artistic values were often done in the subways which he had adopted to do his drawings through chalk and through this, he received a lot of audience by commuters who would often engage him whenever they would meet him. The 1980’s saw him gain much attention both within the country as well as internationally where he actively participate in arts exhibitions, while in groups as well as a sole exhibitor3. How ever, despite the existence of great works of Haring on artwork, one would be concerned to understand what formed the great inspiration that drove Haring in his works. The foregoing discussion has not touched on the factors or issues that inspired Keith to do his visual art and this presents a problem, which this research intends to evaluate. There exists a lot of literature on the works and life of Haring and thus critical analysis has a potential of revealing the

Introduction to Legal Research Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Legal Research Essay Facts: Samantha Smith, a young and single mother, was shopping in the bath aisle of the local grocery store in Indiana. At approximately 1:30 pm she slipped and fell on a clear shampoo that had leaked out of one of the bottles and onto the floor. The aisle had been inspected, logged as clear of any dangerous hazards at 1:00 pm by an older employee who requires glasses. As a result of the fall, Samantha was transported to the hospital where she was admitted overnight and diagnosed with a broken hip. She will require many months of physical therapy. Samantha has no healthcare insurance coverage to cover any of her expenses and is responsible for a two year old son. Issue: Did the grocery store have knowledge of the hazardous substance on the floor, therefore being held liable for the injuries that Samantha sustained? Rule: The grocery store can only be held liable if it had knowledge of the hazardous condition. Breach of duty is defined as â€Å"the violation of a legal or moral obligation; the failure to act as the law obligates one to act; especially a fiduciary’s violation of an obligation owed to another.† Black’s Law Dictionary 214 (9th ed. 2009) Negligence is defined as â€Å"the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm.† Black’s Law Dictionary 1133 (9th ed. 2009)  Analysis: Samantha is not able to prove that the grocery store had any knowledge of the hazardous substance on the floor; therefore, the grocery store was not negligent in its duty to the customer and cannot be held liable for Samantha’s injuries. Conclusion: It is not likely that Samantha will be awarded damages for her injuries because she cannot show proof that the grocery store had any knowledge of the hazardous spill on the floor. Vaughn v. National Tea Co., 328 F.2d 128 (7th Cir. 1964)  Facts: The Plaintiff, Vaughn, slipped and on a piece of lettuce and fell on the floor while shopping at National Tea Company. The store employee stated under testimony that she did not recall cleaning or picking up anything off of the aisle the day before the slip and fall occurred. The lettuce had multiple step marks on it which indicated that it had been there for a while. As a result of the slip and fall, Vaughn ruptured a disc in her back that resulted in the need for surgery. Vaughn filed a lawsuit against the National Tea Company for damages for the injuries she sustained. A jury found the Defendant guilty and awarded damages to Vaughn in the amount of $25,000. See more: how to write an introduction paragraph National Tea Company appealed the case stating there was no proof of negligence. Issue: Did National Tea Company have any knowledge of the lettuce on the floor which would ultimately hold them liable for the Vaughn’s injuries? Rule: Negligence is defined as â€Å"the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm.† Black’s Law Dictionary 1133 (9th ed. 2009) Evidence showed that the lettuce had been stepped on multiple times and, therefore, the jury could find that it was on the floor ample enough time for someone at the store to have a duty to clean it up. Analysis: The jury held that National Tea Company was negligent and a breach of duty occurred because they lettuce was on the floor for a long enough time period to be noticed and removed; therefore, Vaughn was awarded dama ges. Carmichael v. Kroger, 654 N.E.2d 1188 (Ind. Ct. App. 1995) Facts: Carmichael was shopping in the dairy aisle at Kroger and at approximately 2:00 pm slipped on a broken egg. As a result, Carmichael filed a lawsuit against Kroger for damages as a result of the slip and fall. Records show that a Kroger employee checked the dairy aisle just after 2:00 pm the same day and confirmed that there was no hazardous material on the floor. Carmichael was unable to prove to the Court that Kroger knew about the broken egg on the floor; therefore, Kroger was not found negligent or liable for Carmichael’s injuries. Issue: Did Kroger know about the broken egg on the floor which in turn would hold them liable for  Carmichael’s injuries? Rule: Liability cannot be imposed if Kroger was not aware of the broken egg on the floor. Negligence is defined as â€Å"the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm.† Black’s Law Dictionary 1133 (9th ed. 2009)  Analysis: Carmichael failed to prove to the Court that Kroger had any knowledge of the broken egg on the floor that created a hazard; therefore, Kroger was not negligent in its duty of care to Carmichael and cannot be held liable for Carmichael’s injuries. Conclusion: The Court of Appeals affirmed the lower court’s decision that Carmichael failed to prove negligence and breach of duty.