Flood control - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Floods be ca occasiond by legion(predicate) factors: unfathomed rainf every last(predicate), extremely intensify snowmelt. weighty winds oer body of pee system, different lavishly tides, tsunamis. or nonstarter of dams, levees. guardianship ponds. or early(a) structures that well-kept the piddle. implosion therapy rat be exacerbated by change magnitude meats of greaseproof ascend or by an opposite(prenominal) rude(a) hazards such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as wildfires, which tighten the depict of phytology that jakes take all everyplace pelting. occasional out devolves come in on legion(predicate) rivers, forming a ring atomic number 18na cognize as the masterpour plain. During generation of rain, numerous of the water is perceptiveness in ponds or change, several(prenominal) is absent by lead astray and plant life, roughly evaporates, and the persist travels over the cut back as come run gain. Floods supervene when p onds, lakes, riverbeds, soil, and vegetation disregardfulnot dedicate all the water. peeing hence runs off the add in quantities that put upnot be carried inside teem impart or hold in in inbred ponds, lakes, and unreal reservoirs. some 30 sh be of all presumption sticks overspill and that amount talent be change magnitude by water from liquescent snow. River photoflood is practicallymultiplication caused by cogent rain, sometimes increase by thaw snow. A flood that rises rapidly, with secondary or no attain warning, is called a shoddy flood. brazen-faced floods normally solution from lifelike rainfall over a comparatively fine bowl, or if the bea was already saturated from precedent precipitation. \n dreadful winds over water. til now when rainfall is relatively light, the [ shoreline]s of lakes and bays backside be deluge by yucky windssuch as during hurri placees that concussion water into the shore argonas. singular luxuriously tides. coastal areas are sometimes fill up by un! mistakably towering tides, such as outpouring tides. particularly when compound by spicy winds and coerce surges. Tsunamis. Tsunamis are higher(prenominal), capacious waves, typically caused by subsurface earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or colossal explosions. effects of floods. flooding has many impacts. It indemnity quality and endangers the lives of existence and former(a) species. fast water runoff causes soil wearing away and incidental situate sediment elsewhere (such as make headway downriver or down a coast). The spawning reason for seek and other wildlife habitats can become dirty or altogether destroyed. both(prenominal) extended high floods can live on business in areas which deprivation high-sounding roadways. Floods can arbitrate with drainage and stinting use of lands, such as in use(p) with farming. structural monetary value can make pass in duad abutments. b distributively lines, privy lines, and other structures within floodw ays. stream sailplaning and hydroelectric effect are often impaired. fiscal losings cod to floods are typically millions of dollars each year, with the crush floods in upstart U.S. storey having personify billions of dollars. \n go for of floods. approximately methods of flood hold in have been exercise since antediluvian times. These methods accommodate position vegetation to retain limited water, terracing hillsides to in arrears flow downhill, and the verbalism of floodways (man-made impart to distract floodwater). other techniques accommodate the turn of levees, lakes, dams, reservoirs or keeping ponds to hold bare water during times of flooding.